Since the town is so small and out of the way, there isn't a whole lot to do in Stung Treng. As mentioned above, one day is enough here.
There exists a weaving co-operative towards the north end of town, which warrants a visit for the lovely fabrics and patterns they produce.
From a more sustainable and responsible point of view rather than the negativeness stated on this page: Stung treng Province is a beautiful place with some historical value as well. The Ramsar site to the nirth that connects to Laos is a real treat to explore and several nearly extinct Irrawaddy Dolphin pools surround this charming provincial town. Furthermore are several NGO's such as Tourism for Help and Mlub Baitong active in the region and welcome any kind of support from the travellers where needed. The town links well to Banlung Ratanakiri and can be used for more than just a stopover. Hikes are available to see the 4000 Islands area from the mountain top and the unique merging of 4 main rivers also known as the Mekong plus 3 Area makes the place for a great river exploration.